Mubarak corrupt

Mubarak corrupt

Egypt has occupied the "first" centers of corruption, torture and poor living conditions. Egypt has fallen in this period in the rankings of international reports. These numbers have escalated to peak in 2011, just before the January 25 revolution. .

On the anniversary of his birthday, and sentenced to three years in the case of presidential palaces, "Egypt Arab" reports of international organizations and rights in numbers to the situation in Egypt under the ousted Hosni Mubarak.

Continuing corruption

Egypt's status in the corruption index declined throughout the Mubarak regime from 77th in 2004, 105th in 2007 and 115th in 2008 to 180 countries, according to

Transparency International.

According to a report by the Land Center for Human Rights, during 2010, 39 billion pounds were lost from the state treasury due to corruption, as well as 231 million dollars losses due to the export of natural gas to Israel.

Egypt has lost 57.3 billion US dollars from illegal financial flows between 2000 and 2009, including the stolen assets estimated at $ 132 billion that were illegally transferred abroad during Mubarak's rule, the World Integrity Organization said.

As a result of the financial and administrative corruption, the number of major fires according to the report of the center of Hardo "corruption lifestyle", 13036 fires in 2010, an increase of 15% over 2009, resulting in the deaths of about 4462 people, and the injury of more than 45859 others, and more than 6 thousand A citizen as a result of train accidents, and injured 21 thousand others, and the average number of accidents 120 thousand accidents annually.

Torture and detention

During the Mubarak era, torture continued under one day, amidst the continuation of the Emergency Law, which was suspended between May 1980 and October 1981. According to the Nadeem Center for the Rehabilitation of Victims of Violence and Torture, the law gave the police and the State Security Service the right to torture citizens. The Supreme State of Emergency, State Security Courts were established and civilians were referred to military trials, thousands of citizens were arrested and tortured.

In a January 2012 report by the Independent Human Rights Organizations' Forum, the number of detainees reached between 12 and 14,000, without charges or trials, despite having received a number of unfettered release decisions.

The monitoring of torture began in Egypt since 1993, and the number up to 2002 reached more than 1677 cases monitored by the Nadeem Center. In 1997, EOHR recorded 57 cases of torture, of which 12 died as a result of torture. 9 women raped and detained for no apparent reason. The organization documented 167 deaths as a result of torture until 2009.

Cases of torture have increased in the past 10 years. In 2002, the Center for Human Rights to Assist Prisoners monitored 1,124 cases of torture in prisons. Between 2003 and 2006, Nadim monitored seven cases of death inside the State Security headquarters, 47 in detention areas and more than 245 officers who participated in torture For complete families in some cases.

The EOHR recorded in 2007 at least 53 cases of enforced disappearance in the period 1992-2007

freedom of expression

In the period between 2000 and 2009, the Egyptian organization Nakho monitored 411 violations of freedom of opinion and expression, ranging from 168 trials to journalists, investigation of 33 cases before the Public Prosecutor's Office, and confiscation of 130 publications and authors, 38 cases of ill-treatment, 30 arrests and trials of bloggers and 12 violations against satellite channels.

By 2008, more than 500 trials of journalists had taken place, and more than 1,000 journalists had been summoned for investigation. The following year, the Arabic Network for Human Rights Information monitored 520 cases related to freedom of expression, with a total fine of 32,2500 pounds and 96 political Hesbah cases.

Poverty is increasing

In 1996, the population living below the poverty line in Egypt was 9.9 million, 16.7% of the population, and in 2008 it reached 19.6% according to the estimates of the United Nations and the World Bank, and by the beginning of 2011 the number reached 21 million by 25.2%

Poverty and labor shortages have pushed the informal sector, which UNDP sees as synonymous with vulnerable employment, to nearly 40% of the total workforce in 2007, with an increasing number of women in this category.

This is consistent with ILO calculations, which indicate that 51.2% of non-agricultural employment in 2009 was informal.

In terms of health, half of the country's population had no health insurance coverage, and the level of health expenditure was very low, not more than 3.6% of public expenditure in the 2008-2009 budget. From 1999 to 2007, the average household per 10,000 households had 22 beds, And in 2008 it dropped to 16 beds per 10,000 households. In 2007, there were 1371 health units in the government sector which fell in 2008 to 637 units.

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